基于LangExtract、Neo4j、Qdrant和Ollama构建的完全本地化GraphRAG流程
在本地模型上构建GraphRAG：使用LangExtract提取实体，将其存储在Neo4j中，然后在Qdrant中进行索引，最终通过子图扩展获得基于图的答案。
来源: A Practical GraphRAG Architecture Using LangExtract, Neo4j, Qdrant, and Ollama
该版本是一个完全基于本地模型运行的GraphRAG系统。其组成部分包括用于语言处理和嵌入模型的Ollama、用于构建图结构的Neo4j、用于向量搜索的Qdrant，以及用于从文本中提取结构的LangExtract。与普通RAG系统通过获取文档片段不同，它将原始文本转换为知识图谱，检索与问题语义上相近的实体，再沿着这些实体之间的关联进行进一步探索。
该设计的核心是LangExtract，它能够从非结构化文本中识别出实体与关联，并以知识图谱可存储的形式返回这些信息。Qdrant通过向量相似度为检索提供语义意义，而Neo4j则通过路径遍历为检索提供上下文信息。二者结合便形成了一个既能理解问题内容又能把握事实之间关联的检索流程。
架构的工作流程
原始文本首先进入LangExtract层。传统的处理流程会立即将文档分割成若干块并嵌入其中，而此处会在进行其他操作之前先将文本转换为结构化知识。由Ollama上运行的模型支持的LangExtract能够识别出实体及其之间的关联。以药物数据为例，系统会提取出药品名称、剂量、使用频率以及相关疾病信息，并通过共同的分组方式保留这些元素之间的联系。这样一来，自然语言就变成了结构化的事实记录，而非一堆存储的文本片段。
接下来，提取出的实体与关联会变成图中的节点。每个概念都会转化为一个带有唯一标识符的节点，而剂量、频率或状况等关联则会成为连接这些节点的边。信息现在是以实体及其相互关系为组织基础，而非以文档边界为依据，从而保留了基于分块检索通常会丢失的上下文。
随后，该图会被加载到用于存储结构化知识的主要数据库Neo4j中。实体变为节点，关联则成为原生边。由于Neo4j能够高效地遍历相互关联的概念，系统后续便能追踪多跳路径，从而获取提取起点之外的上下文信息。
在构建好图结构后，每个节点都会生成一个嵌入向量。该嵌入模型直接读取实体名称和概念，而非整个文档或内容片段。这样就能为图中的实体建立语义索引，从而使检索以概念而非段落为核心。
这些向量会与对应的Neo4j节点ID一同被输入到Qdrant中。Qdrant负责快速处理语义相关任务，而Neo4j则保持其结构化数据处理的优势。由于每个Qdrant数据包都包含一个Neo4j节点ID，因此向量匹配结果可以直接对应到某个图实体上。这种分工让两种数据库都能发挥各自的最大优势：一种用于相似度搜索，另一种则用于关系遍历和图推理。
在查询时，用户会用自然语言提出问题。相同的嵌入模型会将该问题转换为向量，再通过Qdrant进行搜索，以找到最相关的图实体。搜索结果返回的是节点标识符，而非文档片段。这些节点作为进入图结构的语义入口，代表着最接近用户需求的概念。
这些标识符随后用于向Neo4j发起查询。系统不会仅停留在已匹配的实体上，而是通过相邻节点和关系继续扩展，从而收集包含匹配结果及其周围上下文的相关子图。这种扩展方式能够获取仅靠向量相似度无法找到的辅助信息，因此上下文同时具备了语义相关性和结构完整性。
接下来，该子图会被重新构建成适合语言模型使用的形式。节点被整理成结构化的列表，而节点间的关系则转化为能够明确表达关联的三元组，例如“利血平剂量为10毫克”或“二甲双胍用于治疗糖尿病”。这一步骤通过将图结构转换为模型可理解的文本，实现了图数据库与语言模型之间的衔接。
最后，经过格式化处理的图结构上下文会被传递给大语言模型。模型接收的是实体与关系，而非检索到的片段内容，因此它能够基于明确给出的事实进行推理，无需从零散的段落中推断关联。由于该上下文源自图遍历过程，相比普通的向量检索方式，它更具可解释性和可追溯性。
综合来看，这是一种混合检索系统。LangExtract负责知识提取，Neo4j管理结构化关系，Qdrant从语义层面检索实体，而大语言模型则在基于图的上下文中进行推理。通过结合相似度检测与路径遍历，该系统能够从相互关联的知识中回答问题，而非仅依赖孤立的文本片段。正因如此，它在医疗、金融、法律、企业知识管理以及科学研究等领域表现尤为出色，因为在这些领域中，实体之间的关联往往比任何单段文本都更为重要。
逐项方法介绍
__init__()是整个系统的入口点。它会从环境变量中读取配置，包括Neo4j的凭证、Qdrant的连接信息以及Ollama的设置。该函数会建立与Neo4j和Qdrant的连接，供后续流程重复使用，并创建用于数据提取、向量生成及答案合成的Ollama客户端。模型名称和向量维度作为参数存储，从而使系统配置更加灵活。
def __init__(self,env_path: str = ".env",ollama_model_extract: str = "gemma3:latest",
ollama_model_answer: str = "gemma3:latest",ollama_embedding_model: str = "embeddinggemma:latest",
ollama_host: str | None = None,vector_dimension: int = 768,
):
load_dotenv(env_path)
self.qdrant_key = os.getenv("QDRANT_KEY")
self.qdrant_url = os.getenv("QDRANT_URL")
self.neo4j_uri = os.getenv("NEO4J_URI")
self.neo4j_username = os.getenv("NEO4J_USERNAME")
self.neo4j_password = os.getenv("NEO4J_PASSWORD")
self.neo4j_driver = GraphDatabase.driver(
self.neo4j_uri, auth=(self.neo4j_username, self.neo4j_password)
)
self.qdrant_client = QdrantClient(
url=self.qdrant_url,
api_key=self.qdrant_key,
)
# Ollama client for local embeddings (embeddinggemma:latest)
self.ollama_client = ollama.Client(host=ollama_host) if ollama_host else ollama.Client()
# langextract needs a plain URL string, not a client object
self.ollama_url = ollama_host or os.environ.get("OLLAMA_HOST", "http://localhost:11434")
# Model / config knobs
self.ollama_model_extract = ollama_model_extract
self.ollama_model_answer = ollama_model_answer
self.ollama_embedding_model = ollama_embedding_model
self.vector_dimension = vector_dimension
extract_graph_components()可将原始文本转化为结构化知识。它提供提取说明及示例，引导LangExtract识别出正确的实体与关联关系。随后由Ollama托管的模型处理输入内容，提取出药物名称、剂量、使用频率及相关疾病信息。输出结果仍是一组提取出的元素而非图形结构，因此该方法会将这些元素传递给后续的图形构建流程。
def extract_graph_components(self, raw_data: str):
"""Extract medication entities and relationships using langextract + Ollama."""
prompt_description = textwrap.dedent("""
Extract medications with their details, using attributes to group related information:
1. Extract entities in the order they appear in the text
2. Each entity must have a 'medication_group' attribute linking it to its medication
3. All details about a medication should share the same medication_group value
""").strip()
examples = [
lx.data.ExampleData(
text=(
"Patient takes Aspirin 100mg daily for heart health and"
" Simvastatin 20mg at bedtime."
),
extractions=[
lx.data.Extraction(
extraction_class="medication",
extraction_text="Aspirin",
attributes={"medication_group": "Aspirin"},
),
lx.data.Extraction(
extraction_class="dosage",
extraction_text="100mg",
attributes={"medication_group": "Aspirin"},
),
lx.data.Extraction(
extraction_class="frequency",
extraction_text="daily",
attributes={"medication_group": "Aspirin"},
),
lx.data.Extraction(
extraction_class="condition",
extraction_text="heart health",
attributes={"medication_group": "Aspirin"},
),
lx.data.Extraction(
extraction_class="medication",
extraction_text="Simvastatin",
attributes={"medication_group": "Simvastatin"},
),
lx.data.Extraction(
extraction_class="dosage",
extraction_text="20mg",
attributes={"medication_group": "Simvastatin"},
),
lx.data.Extraction(
extraction_class="frequency",
extraction_text="at bedtime",
attributes={"medication_group": "Simvastatin"},
),
],
)
]
result = lx.extract(
text_or_documents=raw_data,
prompt_description=prompt_description,
examples=examples,
model_id=self.ollama_model_extract,
model_url=self.ollama_url,
resolver_params={"format_handler": lx_ollama.OLLAMA_FORMAT_HANDLER},
max_char_buffer=4000,
show_progress=True,
)
return self._convert_extractions_to_graph(result.extractions)
_convert_extractions_to_graph() 会将提取出的数据重新构建成图结构。它将相关项归类到一起，并选取每组中的主要实体作为锚点节点。每个节点都会被赋予唯一的标识符，以确保 Neo4j 和 Qdrant 之间的数据一致性。随后通过边将锚点节点与其属性相连，从而保持数据的原有含义。最终得到的结果是一组可用于图数据库的节点和边。
def _convert_extractions_to_graph(self, extractions: list):
"""Convert langextract's flat, grouped extractions into (nodes, relationships)."""
groups: dict[str, list] = {}
for ext in extractions:
if not ext.attributes or "medication_group" not in ext.attributes:
continue
group_name = ext.attributes["medication_group"]
groups.setdefault(group_name, []).append(ext)
nodes: dict[str, str] = {}
relationships: list[dict] = []
for group_name, group_extractions in groups.items():
anchor_ext = next(
(e for e in group_extractions if e.extraction_class == "medication"),
None,
)
# Fall back to the group name itself if no explicit "medication"
# extraction was found in this group, so we still get an anchor.
anchor_text = anchor_ext.extraction_text if anchor_ext else group_name
if anchor_text not in nodes:
nodes[anchor_text] = str(uuid.uuid4())
for ext in group_extractions:
if ext is anchor_ext:
continue
target_text = ext.extraction_text
if target_text not in nodes:
nodes[target_text] = str(uuid.uuid4())
relationships.append(
{
"source": nodes[anchor_text],
"target": nodes[target_text],
"type": ext.extraction_class,
}
)
return nodes, relationships
ingest_to_neo4j() 会将图结构写入 Neo4j，其中每个实体作为节点存储，每条关系作为边存在。这样的结构便于后续的高效遍历与查询。每个节点都保留有其唯一标识符，从而能够与向量搜索结果建立关联。该方法执行完成后，该图结构便成为系统中的结构化知识存储库。
def ingest_to_neo4j(self, nodes: dict, relationships: list):
"""
Ingest nodes and relationships into Neo4j.
"""
with self.neo4j_driver.session() as session:
# Create nodes in Neo4j
for name, node_id in nodes.items():
session.run(
"CREATE (n:Entity {id: $id, name: $name})",
id=node_id,
name=name,
)
# Create relationships in Neo4j, using the semantic type
# (dosage/frequency/condition/etc.) as the actual relationship
# label instead of a generic "RELATIONSHIP" type.
for relationship in relationships:
rel_type = self._sanitize_relationship_type(relationship["type"])
session.run(
"MATCH (a:Entity {id: $source_id}), (b:Entity {id: $target_id}) "
f"CREATE (a)-[:{rel_type} {{type: $type}}]->(b)",
source_id=relationship["source"],
target_id=relationship["target"],
type=relationship["type"],
)
return nodes
_sanitize_relationship_type()的存在是因为关系名称来自大型语言模型的输出，可能包含无效字符或异常格式。它在这些标签进入Neo4j之前对其进行清理和标准化，生成符合Cypher规则的安全大写标识符。此外，它还能防止格式错误的名称及其可能引发的查询问题。虽然这个方法规模不大，但有助于保持图数据库的稳定性。
@staticmethod
def _sanitize_relationship_type(raw_type: str) -> str:
"""
Cypher relationship types can't be passed as query parameters, so
they have to be interpolated into the query string directly. Since
raw_type comes from LLM-extracted text, sanitize it to a safe
UPPER_SNAKE_CASE identifier before interpolation, to avoid Cypher
injection or syntax errors from unexpected characters.
"""
safe = "".join(ch if ch.isalnum() else "_" for ch in raw_type.strip())
safe = safe.upper().strip("_") or "RELATIONSHIP"
if safe[0].isdigit():
safe = f"REL_{safe}"
return safe
create_collection()会在存储任何向量之前确保对应的Qdrant集合已经存在。它会检查指定名称的集合是否已存在，若不存在则创建该集合，并设置用于检索的向量维度及相似度度量标准。提前进行检查可以避免不必要的重复创建集合，从而在开始导入数据前就让向量层处于可用状态。
def create_collection(self, collection_name: str, vector_dimension: int = None):
vector_dimension = vector_dimension or self.vector_dimension
try:
# Try to fetch the collection status
self.qdrant_client.get_collection(collection_name)
print(f"Skipping creating collection; '{collection_name}' already exists.")
except Exception as e:
# If collection does not exist, an error will be thrown, so we create the collection
if "Not found: Collection" in str(e) or "doesn't exist" in str(e) or "404" in str(e):
print(f"Collection '{collection_name}' not found. Creating it now...")
self.qdrant_client.create_collection(
collection_name=collection_name,
vectors_config=models.VectorParams(
size=vector_dimension, distance=models.Distance.COSINE
),
)
print(f"Collection '{collection_name}' created successfully.")
else:
print(f"Error while checking collection: {e}")
ollama_embeddings() 使用 Ollama 的嵌入模型生成密集向量。所有的图实体和用户查询都会经过该模型处理。这些向量以数值形式表达含义，从而能够高效地进行比较，进而为 Qdrant 中的相似度搜索提供支持。实际上，这种方法就是自然语言与向量检索之间的桥梁。
def ollama_embeddings(self, text: str) -> list[float]:
response = self.ollama_client.embeddings(
model=self.ollama_embedding_model,
prompt=text,
)
return response["embedding"]
ingest_to_qdrant()会在图节点存在后为每个实体生成一个嵌入向量，并将其存储在Qdrant中。除了向量数据外，它还会保存元数据，即Neo4j节点标识符和实体名称。这种映射关系将向量数据库与图数据库相连，从而使得后续的搜索结果能够转换回图中的实体。该方法构成了该架构中的语义搜索层。
def ingest_to_qdrant(self, collection_name: str, raw_data: str, node_id_mapping: dict):
names = list(node_id_mapping.keys())
embeddings = [self.ollama_embeddings(name) for name in names]
self.qdrant_client.upsert(
collection_name=collection_name,
points=[
{
"id": str(uuid.uuid4()),
"vector": embedding,
"payload": {"id": node_id_mapping[name], "name": name},
}
for name, embedding in zip(names, embeddings)
],
)
retriever_search()会在查询时执行语义检索。查询内容会被嵌入并与Qdrant中的向量进行比对，返回的是与查询内容相似的图实体而非文本片段，这些实体便成为进入知识图的入口。因此，检索是基于概念而非文档来进行的。
def retriever_search(self, collection_name: str, query: str, top_k: int = 5):
retriever = QdrantNeo4jRetriever(
driver=self.neo4j_driver,
client=self.qdrant_client,
collection_name=collection_name,
id_property_external="id",
id_property_neo4j="id",
)
results = retriever.search(
query_vector=self.ollama_embeddings(query), top_k=top_k
)
return results
fetch_related_graph() 会向 Neo4j 请求获取刚刚找到的实体及其周围的环境。它会遍历图结构，收集相邻节点以及将这些节点与已获取的实体相连的关系。这样的扩展能够补充向量匹配可能遗漏的上下文，从而形成有意义的子图，而非孤立的实体。这一步骤使得 GraphRAG 能够对各种关系进行推理。
def fetch_related_graph(self, entity_ids: list):
query = """
MATCH (e:Entity)-[r1]-(n1)-[r2]-(n2)
WHERE e.id IN $entity_ids
RETURN e, r1 as r, n1 as related, r2, n2
UNION
MATCH (e:Entity)-[r]-(related)
WHERE e.id IN $entity_ids
RETURN e, r, related, null as r2, null as n2
"""
with self.neo4j_driver.session() as session:
result = session.run(query, entity_ids=entity_ids)
subgraph = []
for record in result:
subgraph.append(
{
"entity": record["e"],
"relationship": record["r"],
"related_node": record["related"],
}
)
if record["r2"] and record["n2"]:
subgraph.append(
{
"entity": record["related"],
"relationship": record["r2"],
"related_node": record["n2"],
}
)
return subgraph
format_graph_context()负责为模型准备子图，因为原始的图结构数据并不适合直接输入给大型语言模型。该函数会将图的结构转换为由节点和关系描述构成的清晰文本，以易于理解的三元组形式呈现实体之间的连接方式。这种格式在保留图结构的同时，也便于语言模型理解。它是回答问题之前进行上下文准备的最后一步。
def format_graph_context(self, subgraph: list):
nodes = set()
edges = []
for entry in subgraph:
entity = entry["entity"]
related = entry["related_node"]
relationship = entry["relationship"]
nodes.add(entity["name"])
nodes.add(related["name"])
edges.append(f"{entity['name']} {relationship['type']} {related['name']}")
return {"nodes": list(nodes), "edges": edges}
graphRAG_run()用于生成最终答案。它将格式化后的图结构上下文与用户问题结合成一个提示语。模型获得的是与图结构相关的信息而非原始文档片段，因此能够对各种关系及关联事实进行推理，其回复也基于检索到的图结构知识。这就是整个处理流程末端的推理层。
def graphRAG_run(self, graph_context: dict, user_query: str):
nodes_str = ", ".join(graph_context["nodes"])
edges_str = "; ".join(graph_context["edges"])
prompt = f"""
You are an intelligent assistant with access to the following knowledge graph:
Nodes: {nodes_str}
Edges: {edges_str}
Using this graph, Answer the following question:
User Query: "{user_query}"
"""
try:
response = chat(
model=self.ollama_model_answer,
messages=[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "Provide the answer for the following question:",
},
{"role": "user", "content": prompt},
],
)
return response.message.content
except Exception as e:
return f"Error querying LLM: {str(e)}"
create_and_ingest()负责协调整个数据导入流程：创建向量集合、提取图结构组件、将其存储在Neo4j中、生成嵌入向量，并在Qdrant中对实体进行索引。运行该函数可将原始文本转换为可搜索的GraphRAG知识库。它通常在数据准备阶段执行一次，之后系统即可响应查询。
def create_and_ingest(self, raw_data: str, query: str, collection_name: str = "medicationGraphRAGstore"):
print("Creating collection...")
self.create_collection(collection_name, self.vector_dimension)
print("Collection created/verified")
print("Extracting graph components...")
nodes, relationships = self.extract_graph_components(raw_data)
print("Nodes:", nodes)
print("Relationships:", relationships)
print("Ingesting to Neo4j...")
node_id_mapping = self.ingest_to_neo4j(nodes, relationships)
print("Neo4j ingestion complete")
print("Ingesting to Qdrant...")
self.ingest_to_qdrant(collection_name, raw_data, node_id_mapping)
print("Qdrant ingestion complete")
run_pipeline() 负责从头到尾协调检索与推理过程。它首先从 Qdrant 进行语义检索，确定匹配的图实体，然后遍历 Neo4j。得到的子图会被格式化以便推理模型使用，最终生成的答案会反馈给用户。这体现了从问题到答案的完整流程。
def run_pipeline(self, raw_data: str, query: str, collection_name: str = "medicationGraphRAGstore"):
# run only the first time, comment this for subsequent runs
# self.create_and_ingest(raw_data, query, collection_name)
print("Starting retriever search...")
retriever_result = self.retriever_search(collection_name, query)
print("Retriever results:", retriever_result)
print("Extracting entity IDs...")
entity_ids = [
item.content.split("'id': '")[1].split("'")[0]
for item in retriever_result.items
]
print("Entity IDs:", entity_ids)
print("Fetching related graph...")
subgraph = self.fetch_related_graph(entity_ids)
print("Subgraph:", subgraph)
print("Formatting graph context...")
graph_context = self.format_graph_context(subgraph)
print("Graph context:", graph_context)
print("Running GraphRAG...")
answer = self.graphRAG_run(graph_context, query)
print("Final Answer:", answer)
return answer
close()用于进行资源清理。它会关闭Neo4j驱动程序的连接并释放相关资源，从而避免连接泄漏并实现有序关闭。虽然操作简单，但在处理完成后始终应调用此方法。
def close(self):
self.neo4j_driver.close()
驱动代码将各个类连接在一起：
if __name__ == "__main__":
print("Script started")
graph_rag = MedicationGraphRAG(env_path="../.env")
# Example-1
# raw_data = textwrap.dedent("""
# The patient was prescribed Lisinopril and Metformin last month.
# He takes the Lisinopril 10mg daily for hypertension, but often misses
# his Metformin 500mg dose which should be taken twice daily for diabetes.
# """).strip()
# Example-2
raw_data = textwrap.dedent("""
The patient is a 62-year-old man with a history of multiple chronic conditions
being managed through an extensive medication regimen. He was prescribed
Lisinopril, Metformin, Atorvastatin, Aspirin, Levothyroxine, and Sertraline
over the course of the past year, with his treatment plan adjusted several
times based on follow-up visits.
He takes Lisinopril 10mg daily for hypertension, but often misses his
Metformin 500mg dose which should be taken twice daily for diabetes. His
cardiologist also started him on Atorvastatin 40mg at bedtime for high
cholesterol after his last lipid panel showed elevated LDL levels. To reduce
his risk of cardiovascular events, he was additionally prescribed Aspirin
81mg daily for heart disease prevention, which he takes alongside his
breakfast each morning.
Following a routine thyroid screening, he was found to have an underactive
thyroid and was started on Levothyroxine 75mcg every morning for
hypothyroidism, to be taken on an empty stomach before any other medications.
More recently, after reporting persistent low mood and difficulty sleeping
during a wellness visit, his primary care physician added Sertraline 50mg
daily for depression, with plans to reassess the dosage after eight weeks.
Despite the number of prescriptions, the patient has had difficulty
maintaining consistency with his Metformin and occasionally forgets his
evening Atorvastatin dose, which his care team is now addressing through a
simplified pill organizer and reminder system.
""").strip()
# Sample Questions
#1. "What is the dosage and frequency for Lisinopril?"
#2. "What is the dosage and frequency for Metformin?"
#3. "Which medications does the patient take once daily versus twice daily?"
#4. "What medication is prescribed for hypothyroidism, and at what dose?"
#5. "List all medications related to cardiovascular conditions and their dosages."
#6. "How often does the patient take Aspirin?"
#7. "What condition is Levothyroxine prescribed for?"
#8. "What time of day should Levothyroxine be taken, and why?"
#9. "Which medications does the patient have trouble taking consistently?"
#10. "What is the dosage and frequency for Sertraline?"
query = "List all medications related to cardiovascular conditions and their dosages."
answer = graph_rag.run_pipeline(raw_data, query, collection_name="medicationGraphRAGstore")
graph_rag.close()
完整脚本
所有内容整合在同一个文件中：
import os
import uuid
import textwrap
import ollama
from dotenv import load_dotenv, find_dotenv
from ollama import chat
from neo4j import GraphDatabase
from qdrant_client import QdrantClient, models
from neo4j_graphrag.retrievers import QdrantNeo4jRetriever
import langextract as lx
from langextract.providers import ollama as lx_ollama
load_dotenv(find_dotenv())
class MedicationGraphRAG:
def __init__(self,env_path: str = ".env",ollama_model_extract: str = "gemma3:latest",
ollama_model_answer: str = "gemma3:latest",ollama_embedding_model: str = "embeddinggemma:latest",
ollama_host: str | None = None,vector_dimension: int = 768,
):
load_dotenv(env_path)
self.qdrant_key = os.getenv("QDRANT_KEY")
self.qdrant_url = os.getenv("QDRANT_URL")
self.neo4j_uri = os.getenv("NEO4J_URI")
self.neo4j_username = os.getenv("NEO4J_USERNAME")
self.neo4j_password = os.getenv("NEO4J_PASSWORD")
self.neo4j_driver = GraphDatabase.driver(
self.neo4j_uri, auth=(self.neo4j_username, self.neo4j_password)
)
self.qdrant_client = QdrantClient(
url=self.qdrant_url,
api_key=self.qdrant_key,
)
# Ollama client for local embeddings (embeddinggemma:latest)
self.ollama_client = ollama.Client(host=ollama_host) if ollama_host else ollama.Client()
# langextract needs a plain URL string, not a client object
self.ollama_url = ollama_host or os.environ.get("OLLAMA_HOST", "http://localhost:11434")
# Model / config knobs
self.ollama_model_extract = ollama_model_extract
self.ollama_model_answer = ollama_model_answer
self.ollama_embedding_model = ollama_embedding_model
self.vector_dimension = vector_dimension
def extract_graph_components(self, raw_data: str):
"""Extract medication entities and relationships using langextract + Ollama."""
prompt_description = textwrap.dedent("""
Extract medications with their details, using attributes to group related information:
1. Extract entities in the order they appear in the text
2. Each entity must have a 'medication_group' attribute linking it to its medication
3. All details about a medication should share the same medication_group value
""").strip()
examples = [
lx.data.ExampleData(
text=(
"Patient takes Aspirin 100mg daily for heart health and"
" Simvastatin 20mg at bedtime."
),
extractions=[
lx.data.Extraction(
extraction_class="medication",
extraction_text="Aspirin",
attributes={"medication_group": "Aspirin"},
),
lx.data.Extraction(
extraction_class="dosage",
extraction_text="100mg",
attributes={"medication_group": "Aspirin"},
),
lx.data.Extraction(
extraction_class="frequency",
extraction_text="daily",
attributes={"medication_group": "Aspirin"},
),
lx.data.Extraction(
extraction_class="condition",
extraction_text="heart health",
attributes={"medication_group": "Aspirin"},
),
lx.data.Extraction(
extraction_class="medication",
extraction_text="Simvastatin",
attributes={"medication_group": "Simvastatin"},
),
lx.data.Extraction(
extraction_class="dosage",
extraction_text="20mg",
attributes={"medication_group": "Simvastatin"},
),
lx.data.Extraction(
extraction_class="frequency",
extraction_text="at bedtime",
attributes={"medication_group": "Simvastatin"},
),
],
)
]
result = lx.extract(
text_or_documents=raw_data,
prompt_description=prompt_description,
examples=examples,
model_id=self.ollama_model_extract,
model_url=self.ollama_url,
resolver_params={"format_handler": lx_ollama.OLLAMA_FORMAT_HANDLER},
max_char_buffer=4000,
show_progress=True,
)
return self._convert_extractions_to_graph(result.extractions)
def _convert_extractions_to_graph(self, extractions: list):
"""Convert langextract's flat, grouped extractions into (nodes, relationships)."""
groups: dict[str, list] = {}
for ext in extractions:
if not ext.attributes or "medication_group" not in ext.attributes:
continue
group_name = ext.attributes["medication_group"]
groups.setdefault(group_name, []).append(ext)
nodes: dict[str, str] = {}
relationships: list[dict] = []
for group_name, group_extractions in groups.items():
anchor_ext = next(
(e for e in group_extractions if e.extraction_class == "medication"),
None,
)
# Fall back to the group name itself if no explicit "medication"
# extraction was found in this group, so we still get an anchor.
anchor_text = anchor_ext.extraction_text if anchor_ext else group_name
if anchor_text not in nodes:
nodes[anchor_text] = str(uuid.uuid4())
for ext in group_extractions:
if ext is anchor_ext:
continue
target_text = ext.extraction_text
if target_text not in nodes:
nodes[target_text] = str(uuid.uuid4())
relationships.append(
{
"source": nodes[anchor_text],
"target": nodes[target_text],
"type": ext.extraction_class,
}
)
return nodes, relationships
def ingest_to_neo4j(self, nodes: dict, relationships: list):
"""
Ingest nodes and relationships into Neo4j.
"""
with self.neo4j_driver.session() as session:
# Create nodes in Neo4j
for name, node_id in nodes.items():
session.run(
"CREATE (n:Entity {id: $id, name: $name})",
id=node_id,
name=name,
)
# Create relationships in Neo4j, using the semantic type
# (dosage/frequency/condition/etc.) as the actual relationship
# label instead of a generic "RELATIONSHIP" type.
for relationship in relationships:
rel_type = self._sanitize_relationship_type(relationship["type"])
session.run(
"MATCH (a:Entity {id: $source_id}), (b:Entity {id: $target_id}) "
f"CREATE (a)-[:{rel_type} {{type: $type}}]->(b)",
source_id=relationship["source"],
target_id=relationship["target"],
type=relationship["type"],
)
return nodes
@staticmethod
def _sanitize_relationship_type(raw_type: str) -> str:
"""
Cypher relationship types can't be passed as query parameters, so
they have to be interpolated into the query string directly. Since
raw_type comes from LLM-extracted text, sanitize it to a safe
UPPER_SNAKE_CASE identifier before interpolation, to avoid Cypher
injection or syntax errors from unexpected characters.
"""
safe = "".join(ch if ch.isalnum() else "_" for ch in raw_type.strip())
safe = safe.upper().strip("_") or "RELATIONSHIP"
if safe[0].isdigit():
safe = f"REL_{safe}"
return safe
def create_collection(self, collection_name: str, vector_dimension: int = None):
vector_dimension = vector_dimension or self.vector_dimension
try:
# Try to fetch the collection status
self.qdrant_client.get_collection(collection_name)
print(f"Skipping creating collection; '{collection_name}' already exists.")
except Exception as e:
# If collection does not exist, an error will be thrown, so we create the collection
if "Not found: Collection" in str(e) or "doesn't exist" in str(e) or "404" in str(e):
print(f"Collection '{collection_name}' not found. Creating it now...")
self.qdrant_client.create_collection(
collection_name=collection_name,
vectors_config=models.VectorParams(
size=vector_dimension, distance=models.Distance.COSINE
),
)
print(f"Collection '{collection_name}' created successfully.")
else:
print(f"Error while checking collection: {e}")
def ollama_embeddings(self, text: str) -> list[float]:
response = self.ollama_client.embeddings(
model=self.ollama_embedding_model,
prompt=text,
)
return response["embedding"]
def ingest_to_qdrant(self, collection_name: str, raw_data: str, node_id_mapping: dict):
names = list(node_id_mapping.keys())
embeddings = [self.ollama_embeddings(name) for name in names]
self.qdrant_client.upsert(
collection_name=collection_name,
points=[
{
"id": str(uuid.uuid4()),
"vector": embedding,
"payload": {"id": node_id_mapping[name], "name": name},
}
for name, embedding in zip(names, embeddings)
],
)
def retriever_search(self, collection_name: str, query: str, top_k: int = 5):
retriever = QdrantNeo4jRetriever(
driver=self.neo4j_driver,
client=self.qdrant_client,
collection_name=collection_name,
id_property_external="id",
id_property_neo4j="id",
)
results = retriever.search(
query_vector=self.ollama_embeddings(query), top_k=top_k
)
return results
def fetch_related_graph(self, entity_ids: list):
query = """
MATCH (e:Entity)-[r1]-(n1)-[r2]-(n2)
WHERE e.id IN $entity_ids
RETURN e, r1 as r, n1 as related, r2, n2
UNION
MATCH (e:Entity)-[r]-(related)
WHERE e.id IN $entity_ids
RETURN e, r, related, null as r2, null as n2
"""
with self.neo4j_driver.session() as session:
result = session.run(query, entity_ids=entity_ids)
subgraph = []
for record in result:
subgraph.append(
{
"entity": record["e"],
"relationship": record["r"],
"related_node": record["related"],
}
)
if record["r2"] and record["n2"]:
subgraph.append(
{
"entity": record["related"],
"relationship": record["r2"],
"related_node": record["n2"],
}
)
return subgraph
def format_graph_context(self, subgraph: list):
nodes = set()
edges = []
for entry in subgraph:
entity = entry["entity"]
related = entry["related_node"]
relationship = entry["relationship"]
nodes.add(entity["name"])
nodes.add(related["name"])
edges.append(f"{entity['name']} {relationship['type']} {related['name']}")
return {"nodes": list(nodes), "edges": edges}
def graphRAG_run(self, graph_context: dict, user_query: str):
nodes_str = ", ".join(graph_context["nodes"])
edges_str = "; ".join(graph_context["edges"])
prompt = f"""
You are an intelligent assistant with access to the following knowledge graph:
Nodes: {nodes_str}
Edges: {edges_str}
Using this graph, Answer the following question:
User Query: "{user_query}"
"""
try:
response = chat(
model=self.ollama_model_answer,
messages=[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "Provide the answer for the following question:",
},
{"role": "user", "content": prompt},
],
)
return response.message.content
except Exception as e:
return f"Error querying LLM: {str(e)}"
def create_and_ingest(self, raw_data: str, query: str, collection_name: str = "medicationGraphRAGstore"):
print("Creating collection...")
self.create_collection(collection_name, self.vector_dimension)
print("Collection created/verified")
print("Extracting graph components...")
nodes, relationships = self.extract_graph_components(raw_data)
print("Nodes:", nodes)
print("Relationships:", relationships)
print("Ingesting to Neo4j...")
node_id_mapping = self.ingest_to_neo4j(nodes, relationships)
print("Neo4j ingestion complete")
print("Ingesting to Qdrant...")
self.ingest_to_qdrant(collection_name, raw_data, node_id_mapping)
print("Qdrant ingestion complete")
def run_pipeline(self, raw_data: str, query: str, collection_name: str = "medicationGraphRAGstore"):
# run only the first time, comment this for subsequent runs
# self.create_and_ingest(raw_data, query, collection_name)
print("Starting retriever search...")
retriever_result = self.retriever_search(collection_name, query)
print("Retriever results:", retriever_result)
print("Extracting entity IDs...")
entity_ids = [
item.content.split("'id': '")[1].split("'")[0]
for item in retriever_result.items
]
print("Entity IDs:", entity_ids)
print("Fetching related graph...")
subgraph = self.fetch_related_graph(entity_ids)
print("Subgraph:", subgraph)
print("Formatting graph context...")
graph_context = self.format_graph_context(subgraph)
print("Graph context:", graph_context)
print("Running GraphRAG...")
answer = self.graphRAG_run(graph_context, query)
print("Final Answer:", answer)
return answer
def close(self):
self.neo4j_driver.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
print("Script started")
graph_rag = MedicationGraphRAG(env_path="../.env")
# Example-1
# raw_data = textwrap.dedent("""
# The patient was prescribed Lisinopril and Metformin last month.
# He takes the Lisinopril 10mg daily for hypertension, but often misses
# his Metformin 500mg dose which should be taken twice daily for diabetes.
# """).strip()
# Example-2
raw_data = textwrap.dedent("""
The patient is a 62-year-old man with a history of multiple chronic conditions
being managed through an extensive medication regimen. He was prescribed
Lisinopril, Metformin, Atorvastatin, Aspirin, Levothyroxine, and Sertraline
over the course of the past year, with his treatment plan adjusted several
times based on follow-up visits.
He takes Lisinopril 10mg daily for hypertension, but often misses his
Metformin 500mg dose which should be taken twice daily for diabetes. His
cardiologist also started him on Atorvastatin 40mg at bedtime for high
cholesterol after his last lipid panel showed elevated LDL levels. To reduce
his risk of cardiovascular events, he was additionally prescribed Aspirin
81mg daily for heart disease prevention, which he takes alongside his
breakfast each morning.
Following a routine thyroid screening, he was found to have an underactive
thyroid and was started on Levothyroxine 75mcg every morning for
hypothyroidism, to be taken on an empty stomach before any other medications.
More recently, after reporting persistent low mood and difficulty sleeping
during a wellness visit, his primary care physician added Sertraline 50mg
daily for depression, with plans to reassess the dosage after eight weeks.
Despite the number of prescriptions, the patient has had difficulty
maintaining consistency with his Metformin and occasionally forgets his
evening Atorvastatin dose, which his care team is now addressing through a
simplified pill organizer and reminder system.
""").strip()
# Sample Questions
#1. "What is the dosage and frequency for Lisinopril?"
#2. "What is the dosage and frequency for Metformin?"
#3. "Which medications does the patient take once daily versus twice daily?"
#4. "What medication is prescribed for hypothyroidism, and at what dose?"
#5. "List all medications related to cardiovascular conditions and their dosages."
#6. "How often does the patient take Aspirin?"
#7. "What condition is Levothyroxine prescribed for?"
#8. "What time of day should Levothyroxine be taken, and why?"
#9. "Which medications does the patient have trouble taking consistently?"
#10. "What is the dosage and frequency for Sertraline?"
query = "List all medications related to cardiovascular conditions and their dosages."
answer = graph_rag.run_pipeline(raw_data, query, collection_name="medicationGraphRAGstore")
graph_rag.close()
运行演示
三个示例问题展示了系统的实际运作方式。系统会先输出检索结果，随后给出基于图结构的答案。
query = "List all medications related to cardiovascular conditions and their dosages."
Console:
Starting retriever search...
Retriever results: items=[RetrieverResultItem(content="<Record node=<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:19' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'on an empty stomach before any other medications', 'id': '1c9fb28e-c3e1-4515-afa0-01939beac419'}> score=0.5062605>", metadata=None), RetrieverResultItem(content="<Record node=<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:0' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Atorvastatin', 'id': '1db81626-c3de-4cab-b5dd-091327785182'}> score=0.47961158>", metadata=None), RetrieverResultItem(content="<Record node=<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:6' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'heart disease prevention', 'id': '44573186-869f-4d5d-ba04-fe254ec4ed21'}> score=0.45777896>", metadata=None), RetrieverResultItem(content="<Record node=<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:8' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Lisinopril', 'id': '04f27c55-38a3-46a9-a411-4faf07836a56'}> score=0.45199984>", metadata=None), RetrieverResultItem(content="<Record node=<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:7' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Levothyroxine', 'id': '60654f2d-2ec8-4f4e-be02-cd57b7c5abfb'}> score=0.4511963>", metadata=None)] metadata={'__retriever': 'QdrantNeo4jRetriever'}
Extracting entity IDs...
Entity IDs: ['1c9fb28e-c3e1-4515-afa0-01939beac419', '1db81626-c3de-4cab-b5dd-091327785182', '44573186-869f-4d5d-ba04-fe254ec4ed21', '04f27c55-38a3-46a9-a411-4faf07836a56', '60654f2d-2ec8-4f4e-be02-cd57b7c5abfb']
Fetching related graph...
Subgraph: [{'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:6' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'heart disease prevention', 'id': '44573186-869f-4d5d-ba04-fe254ec4ed21'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:5' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:4' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Aspirin', 'id': '10939c85-6fc1-41b4-9b80-abe1662eda11'}>, <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:6' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'heart disease prevention', 'id': '44573186-869f-4d5d-ba04-fe254ec4ed21'}>) type='CONDITION' properties={'type': 'condition'}>, 'related_node': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:4' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Aspirin', 'id': '10939c85-6fc1-41b4-9b80-abe1662eda11'}>}, {'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:4' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Aspirin', 'id': '10939c85-6fc1-41b4-9b80-abe1662eda11'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:4' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:4' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Aspirin', 'id': '10939c85-6fc1-41b4-9b80-abe1662eda11'}>, <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:10' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'daily', 'id': '06da6faa-baa5-4657-a961-5091f58e3058'}>) type='FREQUENCY' properties={'type': 'frequency'}>, 'related_node': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:10' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'daily', 'id': '06da6faa-baa5-4657-a961-5091f58e3058'}>}, {'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:6' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'heart disease prevention', 'id': '44573186-869f-4d5d-ba04-fe254ec4ed21'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:5' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:4' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Aspirin', 'id': '10939c85-6fc1-41b4-9b80-abe1662eda11'}>, <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:6' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'heart disease prevention', 'id': '44573186-869f-4d5d-ba04-fe254ec4ed21'}>) type='CONDITION' properties={'type': 'condition'}>, 'related_node': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:4' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Aspirin', 'id': '10939c85-6fc1-41b4-9b80-abe1662eda11'}>}, {'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:4' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Aspirin', 'id': '10939c85-6fc1-41b4-9b80-abe1662eda11'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:3' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:4' 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element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:13' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:7' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Levothyroxine', 'id': '60654f2d-2ec8-4f4e-be02-cd57b7c5abfb'}>, <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:17' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'every morning', 'id': '7fb1c7e5-e414-43ec-8606-474b08dc9173'}>) type='FREQUENCY' properties={'type': 'frequency'}>, 'related_node': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:17' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'every morning', 'id': '7fb1c7e5-e414-43ec-8606-474b08dc9173'}>}, {'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:7' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Levothyroxine', 'id': '60654f2d-2ec8-4f4e-be02-cd57b7c5abfb'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:12' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:7' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Levothyroxine', 'id': '60654f2d-2ec8-4f4e-be02-cd57b7c5abfb'}>, <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:16' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': '75mcg', 'id': '75b6f7a1-2f53-419c-9365-5f026dcb1e25'}>) type='DOSAGE' properties={'type': 'dosage'}>, 'related_node': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:16' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': '75mcg', 'id': '75b6f7a1-2f53-419c-9365-5f026dcb1e25'}>}, {'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:8' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Lisinopril', 'id': '04f27c55-38a3-46a9-a411-4faf07836a56'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:8' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:8' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Lisinopril', 'id': '04f27c55-38a3-46a9-a411-4faf07836a56'}>, <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:11' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'hypertension', 'id': '1bc0479e-5e00-4ede-8a9d-704e56f58814'}>) type='CONDITION' properties={'type': 'condition'}>, 'related_node': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:11' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'hypertension', 'id': '1bc0479e-5e00-4ede-8a9d-704e56f58814'}>}, {'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:8' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Lisinopril', 'id': '04f27c55-38a3-46a9-a411-4faf07836a56'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:7' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:8' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Lisinopril', 'id': '04f27c55-38a3-46a9-a411-4faf07836a56'}>, <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:10' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'daily', 'id': '06da6faa-baa5-4657-a961-5091f58e3058'}>) type='FREQUENCY' properties={'type': 'frequency'}>, 'related_node': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:10' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'daily', 'id': '06da6faa-baa5-4657-a961-5091f58e3058'}>}, {'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:8' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Lisinopril', 'id': '04f27c55-38a3-46a9-a411-4faf07836a56'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:6' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:8' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Lisinopril', 'id': '04f27c55-38a3-46a9-a411-4faf07836a56'}>, <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:9' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': '10mg', 'id': 'cddff401-0958-4093-b196-ad270b7aa797'}>) type='DOSAGE' properties={'type': 'dosage'}>, 'related_node': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:9' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': '10mg', 'id': 'cddff401-0958-4093-b196-ad270b7aa797'}>}, {'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:19' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'on an empty stomach before any other medications', 'id': '1c9fb28e-c3e1-4515-afa0-01939beac419'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:15' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:7' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Levothyroxine', 'id': '60654f2d-2ec8-4f4e-be02-cd57b7c5abfb'}>, <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:19' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'on an empty stomach before any other medications', 'id': '1c9fb28e-c3e1-4515-afa0-01939beac419'}>) type='ROUTE' properties={'type': 'route'}>, 'related_node': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:7' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Levothyroxine', 'id': '60654f2d-2ec8-4f4e-be02-cd57b7c5abfb'}>}]
Formatting graph context...
Graph context: {'nodes': ['on an empty stomach before any other medications', 'hypertension', 'Atorvastatin', 'Lisinopril', 'Levothyroxine', 'at bedtime', 'high cholesterol', 'Aspirin', '75mcg', '81mg', 'daily', '10mg', 'heart disease prevention', 'every morning', 'Sertraline', 'hypothyroidism', '40mg'], 'edges': ['heart disease prevention condition Aspirin', 'Aspirin frequency daily', 'heart disease prevention condition Aspirin', 'Aspirin dosage 81mg', 'Lisinopril frequency daily', 'daily frequency Sertraline', 'Lisinopril frequency daily', 'daily frequency Aspirin', 'on an empty stomach before any other medications route Levothyroxine', 'Levothyroxine condition hypothyroidism', 'on an empty stomach before any other medications route Levothyroxine', 'Levothyroxine frequency every morning', 'on an empty stomach before any other medications route Levothyroxine', 'Levothyroxine dosage 75mcg', 'Atorvastatin condition high cholesterol', 'Atorvastatin frequency at bedtime', 'Atorvastatin dosage 40mg', 'heart disease prevention condition Aspirin', 'Levothyroxine route on an empty stomach before any other medications', 'Levothyroxine condition hypothyroidism', 'Levothyroxine frequency every morning', 'Levothyroxine dosage 75mcg', 'Lisinopril condition hypertension', 'Lisinopril frequency daily', 'Lisinopril dosage 10mg', 'on an empty stomach before any other medications route Levothyroxine']}
Running GraphRAG...
Final Answer: Here’s a list of medications related to cardiovascular conditions and their dosages based on the knowledge graph:
* **Aspirin:** 81mg (frequency: daily) - for heart disease prevention.
* **Atorvastatin:** 40mg (frequency: at bedtime) - for high cholesterol.
* **Lisinopril:** 10mg (frequency: daily) - for hypertension.
query = "What medication is prescribed for hypothyroidism, and at what dose?"
Console:
Starting retriever search...
Retriever results: items=[RetrieverResultItem(content="<Record node=<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:18' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'hypothyroidism', 'id': '95b91440-5ff1-41eb-a036-b57880094b05'}> score=0.6616618>", metadata=None), RetrieverResultItem(content="<Record node=<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:7' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Levothyroxine', 'id': '60654f2d-2ec8-4f4e-be02-cd57b7c5abfb'}> score=0.5983002>", metadata=None), RetrieverResultItem(content="<Record node=<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:12' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Metformin', 'id': 'd14d70ef-3780-4ebe-b803-1ab8bd8ec847'}> score=0.4675771>", metadata=None), RetrieverResultItem(content="<Record node=<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:19' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'on an empty stomach before any other medications', 'id': '1c9fb28e-c3e1-4515-afa0-01939beac419'}> score=0.4620626>", metadata=None), RetrieverResultItem(content="<Record node=<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:9' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': '10mg', 'id': 'cddff401-0958-4093-b196-ad270b7aa797'}> score=0.4382253>", metadata=None)] metadata={'__retriever': 'QdrantNeo4jRetriever'}
Extracting entity IDs...
Entity IDs: ['95b91440-5ff1-41eb-a036-b57880094b05', '60654f2d-2ec8-4f4e-be02-cd57b7c5abfb', 'd14d70ef-3780-4ebe-b803-1ab8bd8ec847', '1c9fb28e-c3e1-4515-afa0-01939beac419', 'cddff401-0958-4093-b196-ad270b7aa797']
Fetching related graph...
Subgraph: [{'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:9' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': '10mg', 'id': 'cddff401-0958-4093-b196-ad270b7aa797'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:6' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:8' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Lisinopril', 'id': '04f27c55-38a3-46a9-a411-4faf07836a56'}>, <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:9' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': '10mg', 'id': 'cddff401-0958-4093-b196-ad270b7aa797'}>) type='DOSAGE' properties={'type': 'dosage'}>, 'related_node': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:8' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Lisinopril', 'id': '04f27c55-38a3-46a9-a411-4faf07836a56'}>}, {'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:8' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Lisinopril', 'id': '04f27c55-38a3-46a9-a411-4faf07836a56'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:8' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:8' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Lisinopril', 'id': '04f27c55-38a3-46a9-a411-4faf07836a56'}>, <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:11' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'hypertension', 'id': '1bc0479e-5e00-4ede-8a9d-704e56f58814'}>) type='CONDITION' properties={'type': 'condition'}>, 'related_node': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:11' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'hypertension', 'id': '1bc0479e-5e00-4ede-8a9d-704e56f58814'}>}, {'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:9' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': '10mg', 'id': 'cddff401-0958-4093-b196-ad270b7aa797'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:6' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:8' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Lisinopril', 'id': '04f27c55-38a3-46a9-a411-4faf07836a56'}>, <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:9' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': '10mg', 'id': 'cddff401-0958-4093-b196-ad270b7aa797'}>) type='DOSAGE' properties={'type': 'dosage'}>, 'related_node': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:8' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Lisinopril', 'id': '04f27c55-38a3-46a9-a411-4faf07836a56'}>}, {'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:8' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Lisinopril', 'id': '04f27c55-38a3-46a9-a411-4faf07836a56'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:7' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:8' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Lisinopril', 'id': '04f27c55-38a3-46a9-a411-4faf07836a56'}>, <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:10' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'daily', 'id': '06da6faa-baa5-4657-a961-5091f58e3058'}>) type='FREQUENCY' properties={'type': 'frequency'}>, 'related_node': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:10' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'daily', 'id': '06da6faa-baa5-4657-a961-5091f58e3058'}>}, {'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:18' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'hypothyroidism', 'id': '95b91440-5ff1-41eb-a036-b57880094b05'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:14' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:7' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Levothyroxine', 'id': '60654f2d-2ec8-4f4e-be02-cd57b7c5abfb'}>, <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:18' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'hypothyroidism', 'id': '95b91440-5ff1-41eb-a036-b57880094b05'}>) type='CONDITION' properties={'type': 'condition'}>, 'related_node': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:7' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Levothyroxine', 'id': '60654f2d-2ec8-4f4e-be02-cd57b7c5abfb'}>}, {'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:7' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Levothyroxine', 'id': '60654f2d-2ec8-4f4e-be02-cd57b7c5abfb'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:15' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:7' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Levothyroxine', 'id': '60654f2d-2ec8-4f4e-be02-cd57b7c5abfb'}>, <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:19' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'on an empty stomach before any other medications', 'id': '1c9fb28e-c3e1-4515-afa0-01939beac419'}>) 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properties={'name': 'Levothyroxine', 'id': '60654f2d-2ec8-4f4e-be02-cd57b7c5abfb'}>}, {'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:19' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'on an empty stomach before any other medications', 'id': '1c9fb28e-c3e1-4515-afa0-01939beac419'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:15' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:7' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Levothyroxine', 'id': '60654f2d-2ec8-4f4e-be02-cd57b7c5abfb'}>, <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:19' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'on an empty stomach before any other medications', 'id': '1c9fb28e-c3e1-4515-afa0-01939beac419'}>) type='ROUTE' properties={'type': 'route'}>, 'related_node': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:7' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Levothyroxine', 'id': '60654f2d-2ec8-4f4e-be02-cd57b7c5abfb'}>}]
Formatting graph context...
Graph context: {'nodes': ['Lisinopril', '75mcg', 'twice daily', 'diabetes', 'on an empty stomach before any other medications', 'hypertension', 'daily', 'Metformin', '500mg', '10mg', 'hypothyroidism', 'Levothyroxine', 'every morning'], 'edges': ['10mg dosage Lisinopril', 'Lisinopril condition hypertension', '10mg dosage Lisinopril', 'Lisinopril frequency daily', 'hypothyroidism condition Levothyroxine', 'Levothyroxine route on an empty stomach before any other medications', 'hypothyroidism condition Levothyroxine', 'Levothyroxine frequency every morning', 'hypothyroidism condition Levothyroxine', 'Levothyroxine dosage 75mcg', 'on an empty stomach before any other medications route Levothyroxine', 'Levothyroxine condition hypothyroidism', 'on an empty stomach before any other medications route Levothyroxine', 'Levothyroxine frequency every morning', 'on an empty stomach before any other medications route Levothyroxine', 'Levothyroxine dosage 75mcg', 'Levothyroxine route on an empty stomach before any other medications', 'Levothyroxine condition hypothyroidism', 'Levothyroxine frequency every morning', 'Levothyroxine dosage 75mcg', '10mg dosage Lisinopril', 'Metformin condition diabetes', 'Metformin frequency twice daily', 'Metformin dosage 500mg', 'hypothyroidism condition Levothyroxine', 'on an empty stomach before any other medications route Levothyroxine']}
Running GraphRAG...
Final Answer: Levothyroxine 75mcg is prescribed for hypothyroidism, taken every morning.
query = "Which medications does the patient take once daily versus twice daily?"
Console:
Starting retriever search...
Retriever results: items=[RetrieverResultItem(content="<Record node=<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:14' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'twice daily', 'id': '73d5a502-05be-4bb7-916a-10b8ff5130fa'}> score=0.6052238>", metadata=None), RetrieverResultItem(content="<Record node=<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:19' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'on an empty stomach before any other medications', 'id': '1c9fb28e-c3e1-4515-afa0-01939beac419'}> score=0.50138044>", metadata=None), RetrieverResultItem(content="<Record node=<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:10' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'daily', 'id': '06da6faa-baa5-4657-a961-5091f58e3058'}> score=0.424541>", metadata=None), RetrieverResultItem(content="<Record node=<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:15' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'diabetes', 'id': '9cbb512f-ca6b-47de-bb12-378ac35826bd'}> score=0.42364278>", metadata=None), RetrieverResultItem(content="<Record node=<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:12' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Metformin', 'id': 'd14d70ef-3780-4ebe-b803-1ab8bd8ec847'}> score=0.4210245>", metadata=None)] metadata={'__retriever': 'QdrantNeo4jRetriever'}
Extracting entity IDs...
Entity IDs: ['73d5a502-05be-4bb7-916a-10b8ff5130fa', '1c9fb28e-c3e1-4515-afa0-01939beac419', '06da6faa-baa5-4657-a961-5091f58e3058', '9cbb512f-ca6b-47de-bb12-378ac35826bd', 'd14d70ef-3780-4ebe-b803-1ab8bd8ec847']
Fetching related graph...
Subgraph: [{'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:10' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'daily', 'id': '06da6faa-baa5-4657-a961-5091f58e3058'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:17' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:20' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Sertraline', 'id': '42844c4c-ce96-4bd9-8d37-d8adad5a75fe'}>, <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:10' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'daily', 'id': '06da6faa-baa5-4657-a961-5091f58e3058'}>) type='FREQUENCY' properties={'type': 'frequency'}>, 'related_node': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:20' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Sertraline', 'id': '42844c4c-ce96-4bd9-8d37-d8adad5a75fe'}>}, {'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:20' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Sertraline', 'id': '42844c4c-ce96-4bd9-8d37-d8adad5a75fe'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:18' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:20' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Sertraline', 'id': '42844c4c-ce96-4bd9-8d37-d8adad5a75fe'}>, <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:22' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'depression', 'id': '3aca7091-a4fa-4b12-ba5a-a8dbbbac5df4'}>) type='CONDITION' properties={'type': 'condition'}>, 'related_node': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:22' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'depression', 'id': '3aca7091-a4fa-4b12-ba5a-a8dbbbac5df4'}>}, {'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:10' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'daily', 'id': '06da6faa-baa5-4657-a961-5091f58e3058'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:17' nodes=(<Node 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'06da6faa-baa5-4657-a961-5091f58e3058'}>) type='FREQUENCY' properties={'type': 'frequency'}>, 'related_node': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:4' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Aspirin', 'id': '10939c85-6fc1-41b4-9b80-abe1662eda11'}>}, {'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:4' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Aspirin', 'id': '10939c85-6fc1-41b4-9b80-abe1662eda11'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:5' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:4' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Aspirin', 'id': '10939c85-6fc1-41b4-9b80-abe1662eda11'}>, <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:6' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'heart disease prevention', 'id': '44573186-869f-4d5d-ba04-fe254ec4ed21'}>) type='CONDITION' properties={'type': 'condition'}>, 'related_node': <Node 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'10939c85-6fc1-41b4-9b80-abe1662eda11'}>}, {'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:4' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Aspirin', 'id': '10939c85-6fc1-41b4-9b80-abe1662eda11'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:3' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:4' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Aspirin', 'id': '10939c85-6fc1-41b4-9b80-abe1662eda11'}>, <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:5' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': '81mg', 'id': '9d1d3859-cf6f-4a22-81b8-7d80e3cc8e89'}>) type='DOSAGE' properties={'type': 'dosage'}>, 'related_node': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:5' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': '81mg', 'id': '9d1d3859-cf6f-4a22-81b8-7d80e3cc8e89'}>}, {'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:10' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 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element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:15' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'diabetes', 'id': '9cbb512f-ca6b-47de-bb12-378ac35826bd'}>}, {'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:12' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Metformin', 'id': 'd14d70ef-3780-4ebe-b803-1ab8bd8ec847'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:10' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:12' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Metformin', 'id': 'd14d70ef-3780-4ebe-b803-1ab8bd8ec847'}>, <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:14' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'twice daily', 'id': '73d5a502-05be-4bb7-916a-10b8ff5130fa'}>) type='FREQUENCY' properties={'type': 'frequency'}>, 'related_node': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:14' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'twice daily', 'id': '73d5a502-05be-4bb7-916a-10b8ff5130fa'}>}, {'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:12' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Metformin', 'id': 'd14d70ef-3780-4ebe-b803-1ab8bd8ec847'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:9' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:12' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Metformin', 'id': 'd14d70ef-3780-4ebe-b803-1ab8bd8ec847'}>, <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:13' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': '500mg', 'id': '6c38fe32-0ca3-4bcc-a072-05e302aaa8e7'}>) type='DOSAGE' properties={'type': 'dosage'}>, 'related_node': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:13' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': '500mg', 'id': '6c38fe32-0ca3-4bcc-a072-05e302aaa8e7'}>}, {'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:14' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'twice daily', 'id': '73d5a502-05be-4bb7-916a-10b8ff5130fa'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:10' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:12' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Metformin', 'id': 'd14d70ef-3780-4ebe-b803-1ab8bd8ec847'}>, <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:14' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'twice daily', 'id': '73d5a502-05be-4bb7-916a-10b8ff5130fa'}>) type='FREQUENCY' properties={'type': 'frequency'}>, 'related_node': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:12' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Metformin', 'id': 'd14d70ef-3780-4ebe-b803-1ab8bd8ec847'}>}, {'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:15' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'diabetes', 'id': '9cbb512f-ca6b-47de-bb12-378ac35826bd'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:11' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:12' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Metformin', 'id': 'd14d70ef-3780-4ebe-b803-1ab8bd8ec847'}>, <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:15' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'diabetes', 'id': '9cbb512f-ca6b-47de-bb12-378ac35826bd'}>) type='CONDITION' properties={'type': 'condition'}>, 'related_node': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:12' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Metformin', 'id': 'd14d70ef-3780-4ebe-b803-1ab8bd8ec847'}>}, {'entity': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:19' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'on an empty stomach before any other medications', 'id': '1c9fb28e-c3e1-4515-afa0-01939beac419'}>, 'relationship': <Relationship element_id='5:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:15' nodes=(<Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:7' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Levothyroxine', 'id': '60654f2d-2ec8-4f4e-be02-cd57b7c5abfb'}>, <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:19' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'on an empty stomach before any other medications', 'id': '1c9fb28e-c3e1-4515-afa0-01939beac419'}>) type='ROUTE' properties={'type': 'route'}>, 'related_node': <Node element_id='4:a53f7783-1308-4f3d-9a27-45cede6b6376:7' labels=frozenset({'Entity'}) properties={'name': 'Levothyroxine', 'id': '60654f2d-2ec8-4f4e-be02-cd57b7c5abfb'}>}]
Formatting graph context...
Graph context: {'nodes': ['twice daily', 'daily', '75mcg', '50mg', '81mg', 'Aspirin', 'on an empty stomach before any other medications', 'hypothyroidism', 'hypertension', 'depression', 'Lisinopril', 'Levothyroxine', 'heart disease prevention', 'every morning', 'Sertraline', 'diabetes', '500mg', '10mg', 'Metformin'], 'edges': ['daily frequency Sertraline', 'Sertraline condition depression', 'daily frequency Sertraline', 'Sertraline dosage 50mg', 'daily frequency Aspirin', 'Aspirin condition heart disease prevention', 'daily frequency Aspirin', 'Aspirin dosage 81mg', 'daily frequency Lisinopril', 'Lisinopril condition hypertension', 'daily frequency Lisinopril', 'Lisinopril dosage 10mg', 'twice daily frequency Metformin', 'Metformin condition diabetes', 'twice daily frequency Metformin', 'Metformin dosage 500mg', 'diabetes condition Metformin', 'Metformin frequency twice daily', 'diabetes condition Metformin', 'Metformin dosage 500mg', 'on an empty stomach before any other medications route Levothyroxine', 'Levothyroxine condition hypothyroidism', 'on an empty stomach before any other medications route Levothyroxine', 'Levothyroxine frequency every morning', 'on an empty stomach before any other medications route Levothyroxine', 'Levothyroxine dosage 75mcg', 'daily frequency Sertraline', 'daily frequency Aspirin', 'daily frequency Lisinopril', 'Metformin condition diabetes', 'Metformin frequency twice daily', 'Metformin dosage 500mg', 'twice daily frequency Metformin', 'diabetes condition Metformin', 'on an empty stomach before any other medications route Levothyroxine']}
Running GraphRAG...
Final Answer: Here’s the breakdown of medications taken once daily versus twice daily based on the knowledge graph:
**Once Daily:**
* Aspirin: daily frequency
* Sertraline: daily frequency
* Levothyroxine: every morning frequency
**Twice Daily:**
* Metformin: twice daily frequency
构建成果展示
最终得到的是一个完整的GraphRAG流程，其各个组件均在Ollama、Neo4j、Qdrant和LangExtract上本地运行。通过实体与关系提取，非结构化文本被转化为结构化知识，这些知识以图的形式存储在Neo4j中。Qdrant为图中的实体提供语义检索功能，并将向量搜索与图遍历相结合。二者共同取代了基于文本片段的检索方式，转而采用由关联知识驱动的上下文感知型检索，从而使大语言模型能够基于关系而非孤立文本片段进行推理，进而生成更有依据、更易于解释的答案。由于整个系统都在本地运行，开发者能够完全掌控自己的数据、模型及基础设施。随着GraphRAG的普及，这样的设计为基于开源工具实现关系感知型检索提供了实用的方案蓝图。